A brief analysis of the restrictive factors and future planning of the development of traditional cold storage in my country

The hottest topic in the current logistics industry is the cold chain industry. The cold chain industry is an industry that has just emerged in China and is full of business opportunities. It is also an industry closely related to food safety and even life safety. It is understood that although the operators have been trying to improve the trading environment all the time, they have transformed the original wholesale market to the things ... constant temperature air conditioning, air coolers instead of exhaust pipes, and extensive use of Freon refrigerants are easy to operate, flexible, diverse and efficient. The direction of safety, environmental protection and energy saving. The hottest topic in the current logistics industry is the cold chain industry. The cold chain industry is an industry that has just emerged in China and is full of business opportunities. It is also an industry closely related to food safety and even life safety. It is understood that although operators have been trying to improve the trading environment and transform the original wholesale market into a logistics center, their decision-making is limited due to the lack of professional cold storage construction knowledge, and they often make wrong decisions. It does not meet the basic requirements of logistics centers and cannot successfully achieve transformation. Such cases exist in all major cities. To change the current status quo, logistics professionals are required to participate in decision-making and to improve the cold chain logistics environment. This is a long-term project that requires the joint promotion of all levels. China's cold chain logistics network started late and its development lags behind. There are still many problems in China's cold chain logistics model. Taking primary agricultural products as an example, the weakest link is the purchase and wholesale of agricultural products. It is a very common phenomenon that the environment of agricultural product wholesale market is dirty and chaotic, and the trading place and transportation process of products cannot meet the requirements of food cold storage at all. Many fruits, vegetables and poultry meat eaten by ordinary people flow to supermarkets and fruit and vegetable stores through wholesale markets with poor environment, and finally to people's dining tables. Experts said that the cold chain standard should represent a general level, and it is best not to involve too many technical issues. However, many parts of China's cold chain standards are decoupled from enterprises and are not suitable for the actual operation of enterprises. operation has created certain obstacles. For example, for the specific restrictions on quick-freezing cold storage, the suitable temperature of different products is different. Too strict temperature restrictions will cause waste of resources. The temperature is determined by customer requirements and different types of food. Judging from the market demand for cold storage, my country's existing cold storage capacity is still very insufficient. The United States currently has 22 million tons of cold storage, nearly 3.3 billion cubic feet. my country now has 9 million tons of cold storage, and China's population is five times that of the United States. China's future cold storage demand is huge. Regarding the future development of China's cold storage, we can refer to and learn from the existing operation mode and development path of foreign cold storage. There are many public cold storages in foreign countries, and users adopt the form of leasing. The expansion of the scale of cold storage construction can effectively save costs. Although my country's cold storage capacity has grown rapidly in recent years, compared with developed countries, there is still a big gap. According to the cold storage capacity, the original state-owned enterprises account for 2/3 of the total capacity, mainly large and medium-sized cold storage, and the storage age More than 30 years. As of 2011, the annual total of various fresh products in my country is about 700 million tons, the annual output of frozen food is more than 25 million tons, and the total output value is more than 52 billion yuan. Obviously, the cold storage capacity of more than 9 million tons is far from enough. All kinds of cold storages in my country, regardless of their size or function, were built according to the mode of civil engineering in the past, and this mode is still dominant. The integration and reconstruction of cold storage resources and the construction of new cold storage. The United States currently has 22 million tons of cold storage, nearly 3.3 billion cubic feet, which is more than twice the area of ​​my country's cold storage. And China's population is five times that of the United States, so it is not difficult to see that China's future demand for cold storage is huge. Regarding the future development of China's cold storage, we can refer to and learn from the existing operation mode and development path of foreign cold storage. There are many public cold storages abroad, and users adopt the form of leasing. The expansion of the scale of cold storage construction can effectively save costs, so large comprehensive cold storage is an inevitable trend for the future development of China's cold storage. 2013 is the eleventh year of my country's accession to the World Trade Organization. In the past eleven years, my country's foreign trade has continued to grow, and the trade of seafood has also achieved great development. At the same time that many seafood products from my country entered the international market, deep-sea fish and other seafood products from all over the world also entered my country one after another. These deep-sea products are expensive, have high transportation costs, short shelf life and extremely high quality requirements. Once they deteriorate, they will greatly depreciate in value. Take tuna, which is mainly used to make sashimi, as an example, even if it is stored in a conventional cold storage at -30 °C , after thawed for more than three months, it cannot be used to make sashimi, so the price is greatly discounted. For long-term preservation and preservation, it can only be initially achieved at an ultra-low temperature of about -60 °C. The demand for ultra-low temperature cold storage has also grown rapidly with the strong demand of the people for fresh deep-sea products. Overall planning The cold storage industry must strengthen overall planning and coordination under the unified coordination of relevant departments, and vigorously develop the construction of the cold chain logistics system. At the same time, it is necessary to prevent blind duplication of construction to ensure the sustainable, healthy and stable development of my country's refrigeration industry. In short, from the perspective of the current situation and development trend of cold storage, the constant temperature controlled atmosphere storage for fruit products has developed rapidly, and the proportion of low temperature storage has increased. Micro-cold storage suitable for the construction and use of farmers has sprung up, prefabricated cold storage and decentralized refrigeration with Freon as refrigerant. The promotion of the system is increasing, the design of cold storage is more optimized, the degree of automation control is gradually improved, and the supervision of cold storage by government safety production and quality supervision and other management departments has been greatly strengthened. The domestic cold storage industry is moving towards lightweight prefabricated assembly using foamed polyurethane or polystyrene board insulation materials, low-temperature large-scale, management and automatic loading and unloading of goods in and out of the warehouse, constant temperature air conditioning in fruit and vegetable cold storage, air coolers instead of exhaust pipes and The widely used Freon refrigerants are easy to operate, flexible and diverse, efficient and safe, environmentally friendly and energy-saving.